Rattlesnake information

Eastern Washington State

Rattlesnakes in Eastern Washington are Western rattlesnakes or Crotalus viridis. Several subspecies of Western rattlers inhabit western and midwest states such as the Northern Pacific Rattlesnake or Crotalus viridis oreganus in Washington, Oregon and California; prairie rattlesnake or Crotalus viridis viridis inhabiting a swath east of the Rocky Mountains from the Dakotas to Texas, and Great Basin rattlesnake or Crotalus viridis lutosus and others inhabiting the desert southwest. Below is a map showing the habitat favorable to Western rattlesnakes in Washington State based on ecological region, land cover and elevation, courtesy of the University of Washington.

Western Rattlesnake Distribution in Eastern Washington

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Books
Rattlesnakes
Venomous Reptiles of North America
Rattlesnake: Portrait of a Predator
Snakes: The Evolution of Mystery in Nature
Rattlesnakes: Their Habits, Life Histories, and Influence on Mankind
The Ultimate Desert Handbook : A Manual for Desert Hikers, Campers and Travelers
Desert Survival Handbook : How to Prevent and Handle Emergency Situations

The rattlesnakes encountered in Eastern Washington typically display fear of people and slip away rattling meekly, or they may act docile -- staying put and remaining quiet when approached-- this behavior seems typical during cooler times of day or night, and/or when damp.

These rattlesnakes are are a little over two feet long, many between one and two feet. Their color can be brown against a tan/white background to olive against a dusty light green background. Rattlesnakes make a distinctive sch-sch-sch-sch rattling sound when disturbed. Grasshoppers sometimes make a similar sound, more like rapid clicking than rattling. To listen to a rattler recording, click the recording of an Eastern Washington rattlesnake.

Harmless gopher snake

Over many years of travelling eastern Washington I've heard of no person getting bitten by a rattlesnake and don't let it get in the way of exploring new places-- the truth is, they can be hard to find. However, snake bites do happen, and it's sensible to be wary of rattlesnakes, to wear boots, be aware when travelling where they live and give them some room-- a certain amount of fear is an appropriate instinct of self-preservation. That said, available data shows snake bites are relatively rare, mortality extremely rare, and most bites are easily preventable in the first place. Here are some statistics on snake bites from credible sources, to illustrate the level of danger posed by rattlesnakes and other venomous snakes:

Approximately 8,000 people a year get snakebites from all venomous species in the U.S., 9 -15 victims die. (FDA) - U.S. population is 300,000,000 (Census)
25% of adult Rattlesnake bites are dry, with no venom injected. (Brown, 1997)
Rattlesnakes can only strike a distance equal to 1/2 their own length
85% of the natural bites are below the knee. (cited by University of Florida)

Of the bites mentioned above, most are due to handling pet snakes or tormenting wild ones. This article from GORP helps clarify these statistics and illustrates the importance of not harassing rattlesnakes:
Epidemiology and the Risk of Snakebite.

In any case, it's good to know what to do and not to do in case you or someone you're with gets bitten. The difficult thing to keep in mind is to treat it as a medical emergency, yet keep the bite victim calm and get him to a hospital. This article by the FDA covers the subject well:
Treating and Preventing Venomous Bites

In addition, here are some ideas for people worried about rattlesnake bites to reduce risks:

Talk to kids pointedly about snakes-- let very young ones know snakes can bite and that bites will hurt, and especially try to impart good judgement to teenage boys to help dissuade them from poking with sticks or counting coup. Instilling some fear is good but promoting phobia is not -- exaggerated fear can result in an inability to take basic precautions, instill shock as the response to minor situations, and can last a lifetime.
Write down phone numbers and locations for the nearest hospitals and clinics where you're going.
Bring a cell phone when you're out & about, if you have one-- it may not work everywhere you go but may come in handy in open country where there's a good signal.
Bring good walking boots.

The main reason behind this page is to provide info for people who live east of the Cascade mountains or are interested in visiting Eastern Washington to search out snakes specifically or just to explore. The truth is, these are beautiful animals and you're lucky if you see one in its natural environment. There's little to worry about and much to look forward to seeing, and it's always a better to be prepared and not need it than need it and not be prepared.

For more information about rattlesnakes, snakebite and children, and to see what other wildlife can be seen in eastern Washington, follow the related links to the left.